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Regents Of The University Of California

Regents of the University of California

The Regents of the University of California make up the governing board of the University of California. The Board has 26 full (i.e., voting) members:
- The majority (18 Regents) are appointed by the Governor of California for 12-year terms.
- One Student Regent is appointed by the Board for a one-year term.
- The remaining 7 Regents are ex officio members. They are the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Speaker of the Assembly, Superintendent of Public Instruction, president and vice president of the Alumni Associations of UC, and the UC president. The Board also has two faculty non-voting members. By custom, the incoming Student Regent serves as a non-voting Regent-designate from the date of appointment (usually in September) until beginning his or her formal term the following July 1. As with other public university systems nationwide, the board of regents is treated as the real party in interest for all purposes under California law. All actions of the university are done in their name, all UC property is held in their name (and is marked by signs indicating "Property of the Regents of the University of California"), all bank accounts are held in their name (and all checks must be written to "UC Regents"), and all lawsuits involving the University always refer specifically to the regents. This is peculiar because most corporations (especially private ones) are treated by the law as a legal entity separate from their boards and employees, and lawsuits against them are addressed to the corporation or university itself, not its board of directors or trustees.

External links

- [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/regents/welcome.html Official site] Category:University of California

University of California

The University of California (UC) is a public university system within the State of California. It has a combined student body of more than 191,000 students and over 1,340,000 living alumni and has an endowment of just over $5 billion (7th largest in the United States). The first campus (which is now UC Berkeley) was founded in 1868, while the tenth and newest campus opened in the fall of 2005 near the city of Merced. Collectively and individually, the University of California's campuses boast large numbers of distinguished faculty in almost every field. The University is considered a model for public institutions across the United States, although as of the 2002-03 fiscal year, only 38% of its total budget comes from the State. All campuses enroll both undergraduate and graduate students with the exception of the San Francisco campus, which enrolls only graduate and professional students in the medical and health sciences, and Hastings College of the Law, which is the oldest law school in the UC system, and is also located in San Francisco. The University of California is widely considered to be the most prestigious public university in the world.

University of California Hastings College of the Law

Motto	Fiat Lux (Latin: "Let There Be Light")
Established	1868
School type	Public
President	Robert C. Dynes
Location	Oakland, CA, USA (Headquarters)
Enrollment	159,000 undergraduate, 32,000 graduate
Faculty	13,335
Expenditures	US$11.8 billion
Endowment	US$5 billion
Campuses	15,842 acres (64 km²)
Website	[http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/ universityofcalifornia.edu]

History

When the State of California ratified its first constitution in 1849, it stipulated for an educational system complete with a university. Taking advantage of the Morrill Land Grant Act, the California Legislature established an Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in 1866. Although this institution was provided with sufficient funds, it lacked land. Beforehand, Congregational minister Henry Durant had established the College of California in Oakland, California in 1855. With an eye for expansion, the college's trustees purchased 160 acres (650,000 m²) of land in what is now Berkeley in 1866. But unlike the state's Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College, it lacked the funds to operate. The trustees offered to merge with the state college to their mutual advantage, but under one condition — that there not be simply a "Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College," but a "a complete university." Accordingly, the Organic Act, establishing the University of California, was signed into law on March 23, 1868. The University opened its first medical school on February 20, 1873 in San Francisco. In 1908, a "University Farm" for the College of Agriculture was established at Davis, which became UC Davis in 1959. In 1919, the Legislature arranged for an existing normal school in Los Angeles to become the University's "Southern Branch." In turn, the Southern Branch became UCLA in 1927. The Riverside campus was founded as the Citrus Experiment Station in 1907 and was elevated to campus status in 1954. The San Diego campus was founded as a marine station in 1912 and became UCSD in 1959. Campuses were established in Santa Barbara in 1958, and in both Santa Cruz and Irvine in 1965. UC Merced opened in Fall 2005. The California Master Plan for Higher Education of 1960 established that the top 12.5% (1/8^th) of graduating high school seniors in California would be guaranteed a place in one of the UC campuses. Previously, the top 15% were accepted.

Academics

The University of California is exceptionally distinguished and influential within academia. UC researchers and faculty are responsible for 5,505 inventions and 2,497 patents. UC researchers create 3 new inventions per day. At 32 million items, the University of California library system contains the largest collection in the world after the Library of Congress and the British Library. Collectively, the system currently counts among its faculty (as of 2002):
- 389 members of the Academy of Arts and Sciences
- 5 Fields Medal recipients
- 19 Fulbright Scholars
- 25 MacArthur Fellows
- 254 members of the National Academy of Sciences
- 91 members of the National Academy of Engineering
- 13 National Medal of Science Laureates
- 28 Nobel Laureates
- 106 members of the Institute of Medicine

Governance

The University of California is governed by the Regents of the University of California, as required by the current Constitution of the State of California. Eighteen regents are appointed by the governor for 12-year terms. One member is a student appointed for a one-year term. There are also 7 ex officio members — the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Speaker of the Assembly, Superintendent of Public Instruction, president and vice president of the Alumni Associations of UC, and the UC President. The Academic Senate, made up of faculty members, is empowered by the Regents to set academic policies. In addition, the systemwide faculty chair and vice-chair sit on the Board of Regents as non-voting members. Originally the President ran only the first campus, Berkeley. Now, the Regents appoint a president to run the entire system. The UC Office of the President is located in downtown Oakland and effectively serves as the system headquarters. Individual campuses are managed by Chancellors, who are given a great degree of autonomy.

List of UC Presidents

::John LeConte (1868-1870, acting) # Henry Durant (1870-1872) # Daniel Coit Gilman (1872-1875) # John LeConte (1876-1881) # W.T. Reid (1881-1885) # Edward S. Holden (1885-1888) # Horace Davis (1888-1890) # Martin Kellogg (1890-1893, acting) (1893-1899) # Benjamin Ide Wheeler (1899-1919) # David Prescott Barrows (1919-1923) # William Wallace Campbell (1923-1930) # Robert Gordon Sproul (1930-1958) # Clark Kerr (1958-1967) #:Harry R. Wellman (1967, acting) # Charles J. Hitch (1968-1975) # David S. Saxon (1975-1983) # David P. Gardner (1983-1992) # Jack W. Peltason (1992-1995) # Richard C. Atkinson (1995-2003) # Robert C. Dynes (2003-present) Image:Berkeley glade afternoon.jpg|Berkeley Image:lsa.jpg|Davis Image:Uc irvine8300001.jpg|Irvine Image:RHall.JPG|Los Angeles Image:Geisel library.jpg|San Diego Image:UCSBStorkeTower&UCen.jpg|Santa Barbara Image:Ucsdengineeringbldgs.jpg|Santa Cruz

Campuses

- University of California, Berkeley
- University of California, Davis
- University of California, Irvine
- University of California, Los Angeles
- University of California, Merced
- University of California, Riverside
- University of California, San Diego
- University of California, San Francisco
- University of California, Santa Barbara
- University of California, Santa Cruz

Administration

While the UC campuses are operated fairly efficiently, the system does have a reputation among its students and alumni for mediocre customer service. The most common symptoms are the long lines which students often must stand in to get even the simplest administrative tasks accomplished, the long wait times before phone calls are answered, and the overcomplicated paperwork that is often required. During the 1990s, some campuses (like UCLA) aggressively streamlined many internal procedures with Web applications. Others (like UC Berkeley) were slower to adapt — as of 2005, Berkeley students still enroll in classes via the aging Tele-BEARS system, which is a Web interface on top of an older touch-tone telephone system (this despite the fact that UC Berkeley is one of the universities prominent in the development of many Internet technologies). In turn, UC's customer service problems may have something to do with the fact that UC campuses generally lag behind comparable universities, in terms of the percentage of alumni that give back to their alma mater.

Admissions

Each UC school handles admissions separately, but a student wishing to apply for undergraduate admission uses one application for all UCs. The application is then scanned into a computer (if it is not already in electronic form) and distributed to the individual campus undergraduate admission offices. Graduate and professional school admissions are handled directly by each department or program for whom one applies to. Prior to 1986, students who wished to apply to a UC for undergraduate study could only apply to one campus. If the student was rejected at that campus, but otherwise met the UC minimum eligibility requirements, he or she would be redirected to another campus with available space. For students who did not wish to be redirected, the application fee was returned. In 1986, that system was changed to the current "multiple filing" system, in which a student can apply to as many or as few UC campuses as he or she wants on one application, paying a fee for each campus. This system significantly increased the numbers of applications to the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses, since students could choose which campus they wanted to attend after they received acceptance letters, without the fear of being redirected to a campus they did not want to attend. Currently, the University of California is required to accept the top eighth of high school graduates, or the top 4% of any given high school class. Redirection to a UC with open space (generally Merced, Riverside, or Santa Cruz) still occurs for students who meet the qualifications but are not accepted at any UC applied to. Undergraduate admissions are conducted on a two-phase basis. In the first phase, students are admitted based solely on academic achievement. This accounts for between 50-75% of the admissions. In the second phase, the university conducts a comprehensive review of the student's achievements, including extracurricular activities, essay, family history, and life challenges, to admit the remainder. Very rarely, students that do not qualify for regular admission are admitted by exception. In 2002, 2% of these exceptions were granted. The process for determining admissions varies. At some campuses, such as Davis, Santa Barbara, and San Diego, a point system is used to weight grade point average, SAT Reasoning/ACT scores, and SAT Subject scores, while at Berkeley, Irvine, and Los Angeles, academic achievement is examined in the context of the school and the surrounding community. Out of the nine UC campuses admitting undergraduates, Berkeley and Los Angeles are the most selective, with San Diego slightly less so. Davis, Irvine, and Santa Barbara fall in the middle of selectivity, while Merced, Riverside, and Santa Cruz are less selective. Despite this, each campus has certain programs and majors that may be more selective than others, such as engineering or film. Race, sex, national origin, and ethnicity are not used in UC admissions according to Proposition 209, although information is collected for statistical purposes only.

Peripheral enterprises

The University of California has a long tradition of involvement in many interesting enterprises that are often geographically or organizationally separate from its general campuses, including national laboratories, observatories, hospitals, continuing education programs, travel and conference facilities, and an art institute.

National laboratories

Proposition 209 The University of California manages three national laboratories on behalf of the United States Department of Energy:
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Los Alamos National Laboratory The UC's ties to the laboratories have occasionally sparked controversy and protest among the academics and students within the system, as all three laboratories have been intimately linked with the development of nuclear weapons. For example, Lawrence Berkeley Lab worked on separating uranium isotopes during World War II, and the Los Alamos and Lawrence Livermore labs exclusively designed the nation's nuclear weapons until their shift into stockpile stewardship at the end of the Cold War). The UC ties to the labs, however, have outlasted all periods of internal controversy, though recent questions about improper oversight procedures may call the relationship into question again. Recently, the Department of Energy has for the first time opened up the Los Alamos contract for bidding to other vendors besides the University of California. In September 2003, the NASA Ames Research Center took a bold step towards increasing the science output, safety, and effectiveness of NASA's missions through the infusion of new technologies and scientific techniques. A ten-year task order contract valued at more than $330 million was awarded to the University of California to establish and operate a University Affiliated Research Center (UARC) - the largest grant ever awarded the University. UC Santa Cruz manages the UARC for the University of California.

Observatories

The University of California manages two observatories as a multi-campus research unit headquartered at its Santa Cruz campus.
- Lick Observatory
- Keck Observatory The Astronomy Department at the Berkeley campus manages the Hat Creek Radio Observatory in Shasta County, California.

Hospitals

The University of California has medical schools at Davis, Irvine, Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco, and each medical school has an associated teaching hospital which is owned and operated by UC. All five teaching hospitals are highly regarded. UCLA Medical Center in particular is consistently ranked by U.S. News and World Report as the top hospital on the West Coast, with the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center ranked second. In the latter half of the 20th century, the UC hospitals became the core of full-fledged regional health systems; they were gradually supplemented by many outpatient clinics, offices, and institutes. San Diego County actually shut down its own public hospital and contracted out its healthcare responsibilities to UCSD.

UC Extension

For over a century, the University has operated a continuing education program for working adults and professionals. At present, UC Extension enrolls over 500,000 students each year in over 17,000 courses. One of the reasons for its huge size is that UC Extension is a dominant provider of Continuing Legal Education and Continuing Medical Education in California.

Travel and conference facilities

- UCLA operates both its own on-campus hotel, the UCLA Guest House, and a lavish conference center at Lake Arrowhead.
- UC Berkeley's California Alumni Association operates travel excursions for alumni (and their families) under its "BearTreks" brand. BearTreks is unusual in that the tour guides are usually Berkeley professors. CAA also operates an exclusive resort in the Sierra Nevada, the Lair of the Golden Bear, also just for Cal alumni and their families.

Other affiliated institutions

- University of California, Hastings College of the Law
- San Francisco Art Institute
- The University of California Center for Animal Alternatives

Trivia

- Three UC schools have carillon towers: UC Berkeley's Sather Tower, UC Santa Barbara's Storke Tower, and UC Riverside's Carillon Tower.
- According to UCLA's Daily Bruin campus newspaper, UCLA is so well-known in Asia that the university has licensed its trademark to 15 UCLA-branded stores across East Asia. [http://www.dailybruin.ucla.edu/news/articles.asp?ID=32621]
- Every UC campus, except for Merced, where build-out has not been completed, has a Sproul Hall, named for the former UC President, Robert Gordon Sproul. In the case of San Diego, it is in the form of a research boat, the R/V Robert Gordon Sproul.

External links

- [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/ Official site]
- [http://www.ucop.edu Office of the President]
- [http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CalHistory/charter.html Charter]
- [http://www.ucolick.org/ UC Observatories]
- [http://www.ucsa.org/ University of California Students Association]
- Category:Universities and colleges in California ja:カリフォルニア大学

Governor of California

with President George W. Bush (2003)]] 2003 :See also: List of pre-statehood governors of California, List of Governors of California The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government, whose responsibilities include making yearly "State of the State" addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, attending a grand meeting with all the legislators at least once a month, diligently working to ensure that state laws are enforced, and abides by the two Constitutions that enable the country and state to work (the California State Constitution and the Constitution of the United States). The office of Governor of California was created in 1850, after California became a formal state in the American union. Previously, there had been American military governors of the Californian territory, as well as a President of the short-lived California Republic. The current governor is Arnold Schwarzenegger, a Republican, who was elected on October 7, 2003 to complete recalled Democratic Governor Gray Davis's term, which lasts until January 8, 2007. The next gubernatorial primary election is scheduled for June 6, 2006 to determine which candidates shall be on the November 7, 2006 general election ballot for the term lasting from January 8, 2007 to January 4, 2011.

Gubernatorial powers

The governor has the power to veto legislation, override certain legislation, can veto particular items from appropriations bills while leaving others intact (see line-item veto). Law-enforcement powers include the ability to grant pardons and commute sentences. The governor can call the California State Military Reserve to active duty to support the National Guard. The governor must respect the rights of the People (as stated in the 2nd Amendment) that allow the public domain to have militia's organized properly within the state as per the Constitution of the United States. (The state, county and local law enforcement officials are not militia.) The governor also has full membership and voting powers to the Regents of the University of California, the governing board of the University of California system, along with other elected officials, and a majority of members on the Regents of the University of California are appointed by the governor.

Gubernatorial elections

University of California-1863)]] Governors are elected by the majority vote of those voters voting within the state during an election for the office, and serve terms of four years when they prevail, with a limit of two terms. The California Constitution provides that all the powers of the governor fall to the lieutenant governor whenever the governor is unable to execute the office, including when the governor is not in the State of California; the lieutenant governor often signs or vetoes legislation and makes political appointments whenever the governor leaves the state. (The lieutenant governor is also the president of the California Senate.) Governors take office on the first Monday after the January 1 after their election. The offices of governor and lieutenant governor are elected separately, so the two officials are likely to be from separate parties. California has had a governor and a lieutenant governor of different parties 22 of the past 27 years (as of 2005), including the four years that Democrat Davis was lieutenant governor under Republican Gov. Pete Wilson as well as the current situation, with the Republican Schwarzenegger and the Democrat Bustamante as governor and lieutenant governor, respectively.

Gubernatorial recall

If a governor is challenged, by any group of citizens within a state, prior to the next scheduled gubernatorial election, the state can hold a recall election to remove a governor, provided enough signatures are collected and all are verified by the election recorder's office, also each signator must be a valid registered voter. Any governor in California can be replaced (which includes the current standing governor) with an impeachment process of the state legislators regardless of any election held such as a recall. Main article: 2003 California recall In the 2003 California recall, Governor Davis was recalled, in the first ever invocation of the gubernatorial recall process. Davis was challenged by hundreds of other candidates on the ballot; Schwarznegger emerged as the primary Republican candidate and prevailed in the balloting. Interestingly, none of the seven Republican candidates from the 2002 gubernatorial election, Bill Simon, Bill Jones, Richard Riordan, and four others, ran in the recall election.

Gubernatorial facts

Age and longevity

Richard Riordan-1917)]]
- Between the births of John Bigler in 1807 and Arnold Schwarzenegger in 1947, future California Governors have been born in every decade except the 1880s.
- Between the deaths of John McDougal in 1866 and Ronald Reagan in 2004, Governors have died in every decade except two: the 1910s and the 1980s.
- Peter Burnett had the longest post-governorship, 44 years. He left office in 1851 and died in 1895.
- Excluding Governors who died in office, Robert Waterman had the shortest post-governorship. He died on April 12, 1881, a mere 3 months and 4 days after the expiration of his term.
- Sworn in at the age of 31, J. Neely Johnson was the youngest Governor.
- Sworn in at the age of 69, Frank Merriam was the oldest Governor.
- Earl Warren was the only Governor to serve more than 8 years in office (1943–1953)
- Milton Latham served the shortest term in office of 5 days (January 9–January 14, 1860)
- Two Governors were born in foreign countries:
- John G. Downey in Ireland
- Arnold Schwarzenegger in Austria
- Two Governors have died in office:
- Washington Bartlett in 1887
- James Rolph in 1934
- Ronald Reagan had the longest life-span of any governor, 93 years.
- John McDougal had the shortest life-span of any governor, 48 years.

Transition events

John McDougal-1975)]]
- Five Governors have resigned:
- Peter Burnett in 1851 "as a result of certain personal prejudices" in favor of slavery [http://alastair.familydallas.com/govalpha.html#Burnett]
- Milton Latham in 1860 to become a United States Senator
- Newton Booth in 1875 to become a United States Senator
- Hiram Johnson in 1917 to become a United States Senator
- Earl Warren in 1953 to become Chief Justice of the United States
- One Governor has been recalled:
- Gray Davis in 2003
- Seven Governors took office without being elected to the Governor's seat, having been elected as Lieutenant Governor and then ascending from that position:
- Four of them did not run to succeed themselves, and were never elected Governor:
- John McDougall in 1851
- John G. Downey in 1860
- Romualdo Pacheco in 1875
- Robert Waterman in 1887
- The other three later ran for Governor, and were elected to succeed themselves as Governor:
- William Stephens in 1917
- Frank Merriam in 1934
- Goodwin Knight in 1953

External links

- [http://www.governor.ca.gov/ Official site of Governor's office]
- [http://www.politics1.com/ca.htm List of candidates and Parties that ran in the Election of the Governor of California]
- [http://www.ss.ca.gov/elections/elections.htm Election and Voter Information]
- [http://www.electionvolunteer.com/race/Governor 2006 Guberatorial Campaigns] Category:Government of California
-

Governor of California

Gubernatorial powers

Gubernatorial elections

Gubernatorial recall

Gubernatorial facts

Age and longevity

Transition events

External links

California State Assembly

The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature. There are 80 members of the State Assembly. The state legislature meets in the state capital, Sacramento. Assembly Members serve two year terms and face election in years evenly divisible by two. Members of the Assembly are limited to three terms. Each Assembly Member represents approximately 420,000 Californians.

State Assembly Members, 2005-2006 Session

-	Democrats: 48
-	Republicans: 32

[http://www.ftb.ca.gov/law/legis/05_06bills/assembly.html Analysis of Bills] Officers
- Speaker Fabian Núñez
- Speaker pro Tempore Leland Yee, Ph.D.
- Assistant Speaker pro Tempore Sally Lieber
- Majority Floor Leader Dario Frommer
- Minority Floor Leader Kevin McCarthy
- Chief Clerk E. Dotson Wilson
- Sergeant at Arms Ronald Pane Note: The Chief Clerk and the Sergeant at Arms are not Members of the Legislature
- Ted Lieu won the September 13, 2005 special election (and was sworn in on September 21, 2005) for the 53rd Assembly District seat to replace Mike Gordon, who died on June 25, 2005, due to a brain tumor.

State Assembly Members, 2003-2004 Session

-	Democrats: 48
-	Republicans: 32

Officers
- Speaker Herb J. Wesson, Jr.
- Speaker pro Tempore Christine Kehoe
- Assistant Speaker pro Tempore Leland Yee
- Chief Clerk E. Dotson Wilson
- Majority Leader Wilma Chan
- Majority Floor Leader Marco Antonio Firebaugh
- Minority Floor Leader Dave Cox
- Sergeant at Arms Ronald Pane [http://www.ftb.ca.gov/law/legis/03_04bills/assembly.html Analysis of Bills] The party affiliation and district numbers of Assembly members are listed after their names in this list.
- Greg Aghazarian (R-26)
- Patricia C. Bates (R-73)
- John J. Benoit (R-64)
- Patty Berg (D-1)
- Rudy Bermúdez (D-56)
- Russ Bogh (R-65)
- Ronald S. Calderon (D-58)
- John Campbell (R-70)
- Joseph Canciamilla (D-11)
- Wilma Chan (D-16)
- Ed Chavez (D-57)
- Judy Chu (D-49)
- Dave Cogdill (R-25)
- Rebecca Cohn (D-24)
- Ellen M. Corbett (D-18)
- Lou Correa (D-69)
- Dave Cox (R-5)
- Lynn Daucher (R-72)
- Manny Diaz (D-23)
- John A. Dutra (D-20)
- Robert D. Dutton (R-63)
- Mervyn M. Dymally (D-52)
- Marco Antonio Firebaugh (D-50)
- Dario Frommer (D-43)
- Bonnie Garcia (R-80)
- Jackie Goldberg (D-45)
- Loni Hancock (D-14)
- Tom Harman (R-67)
- Ray Haynes (R-66)
- Jerome Horton (D-51)
- Shirley Horton (R-78)
- Guy S. Houston (R-15)
- Hannah-Beth Jackson (D-35)
- Rick Keene (R-3)
- Christine Kehoe (D-76)
- Paul Koretz (D-42)
- Jay La Suer (R-77)
- John Laird (D-27)
- Doug LaMalfa (R-2)
- Mark Leno (D-13)
- Tim Leslie (R-4)
- Lloyd E. Levine (D-40)
- Sally J. Lieber (D-22)
- Carol Liu (D-44)
- John Longville (D-62)
- Alan Lowenthal (D-54)
- Ken Maddox (R-68)
- Abel Maldonado (R-33)
- Barbara S. Matthews (D-17)
- Bill Maze (R-34)
- Kevin McCarthy (R-32)
- Cindy Montañez (D-39)
- Dennis Mountjoy (R-59)
- Gene Mullin (D-19)
- Alan Nakanishi (R-10)
- George Nakano (D-53)
- Joe Nation (D-6)
- Gloria Negrete McLeod (D-61)
- Fabian Núñez (D-46)
- Jenny Oropeza (D-55)
- Robert Pacheco (R-60)
- Nicole Parra (D-30)
- Fran Pavley (D-41)
- George A. Plescia (R-75)
- Sarah Reyes (D-31)
- Keith Richman (R-38)
- Mark Ridley-Thomas (D-48)
- Sharon Runner (R-36)
- Simon Salinas (D-28)
- Steven N. Samuelian (R-29)
- S. Joseph Simitian (D-21)
- Todd Spitzer (R-71)
- Darrell Steinberg (D-9)
- Tony Strickland (R-37)
- Juan Vargas (D-79)
- Herb J. Wesson, Jr. (D-47)
- Patricia Wiggins (D-7)
- Lois Wolk (D-8)
- Mark Wyland (R-74)
- Leland Yee (D-12)

State Assembly Members, 2001-2002 Session

Democrats: 50
Republicans: 30 [http://www.ftb.ca.gov/law/legis/01_02bills/assembly.html Analysis of Bills]

State Assembly Members, 1999-2000 Session

Democrats: 50
Republicans: 29 [http://www.ftb.ca.gov/law/legis/99_00bills/assembly.html Analysis of Bills]

State Assembly Members, 1997-1998 Session

Democrats: 42
Republicans: 37 [http://www.ftb.ca.gov/law/legis/97_98bills/assembly.html Analysis of Bills] The party affiliation and district numbers of Assembly members are listed after their names in this list.

Officers information

Sergeant-at-Arms is the division which protects the assemblymen of the California State Assembly. The chief sergeant at arms is the head of this division. This position has existed since December 15, 1849 when Samuel N. Houston became California's first Sergeant at Arms. [http://assembly.ca.gov/sergeant/ Official website of the Sergeant at Arms]

External links

- [http://www.assembly.ca.gov/ California State Assembly]
- [http://www.electionvolunteer.com/race/AD Current Candidates for the State Assembly] Category:California State Legislature

Legal entity

A legal entity is a legal construct through which the law allows a group of natural persons to act as if it were an individual for certain purposes. The most common purposes are lawsuits, property ownership, and contracts. This allows for easy conduct of business by having ownership, lawsuits, and agreements under the name of the legal entity instead of the several names of the people making up the entity. A legal entity is not necessarily distinct from the natural persons of which it is composed. Most legal entities are simply amalgamations of the persons that make it up for convenience's sake. A legal entity that does have a separate existence from its members is called a corporation. This distinction gives the corporation its unique perpetual succession privilege and is also the source of the limited liability of corporate members. Some other legal entities also enjoy limited liability of members, but not on account of separate existence. Some examples of legal entities include:
- associations
- banks
- collectives
- cooperatives (co-ops)
- corporations
- estates
- flow-through entities (FTEs)
- limited liability companies
- municipalities
- partnerships
- political parties
- political action committees (PACs)
- states
- trade unions
- trusts
- persons
- natural persons

University of California Students Association

The University of California Students Association (UCSA) is a coalition of students and student governments that aims to provide a collective voice for all students through advocacy and direct action. UCSA participates in the shared governance of the University of California system, and seeks to advance higher education by empowering current and future students to advocate on their own behalf for the accessibility, affordability, and quality of the University of California system.

History

UCSA's history parallels students' broader struggle for social change. In 1964, the Free Speech Movement marked the beginning of a new era of student demands for participation in the governance of the University. This coincided with campus unrest due to the Civil Rights Movement and the escalating Vietnam War. In the 1960's and early 1970's students confronted authorities both on campuses and in the halls of the State Capitol.

Student Body Presidents' Council

The need for systemwide organizing became apparent as UC students resisted an onslaught of punitive measures directed at them as a result of their increased activism. Student leaders responded by forming the Student Body Presidents' Council (SBPC), which was comprised of all the undergraduate and graduate student body presidents. The purpose of SBPC was "to serve the collective interests of students of the University of California by promoting cooperation between various student government associations of the several campuses of the University, and by representing these interests to the Regents of the University of California, the Administration, and the State Legislature." SBPC laid the foundation for the Universitywide student association which eventually evolved into UCSA. Meanwhile, lobbying efforts at the State Capitol remained sporadic even though then Governor Ronald Reagan sought to raise student fees and legislators introduced dozens of bills to punish campus radicals and the "lenient" University. Students found it difficult to maintain the ongoing presence necessary to lobby effectively against such measures.

UC Student Lobby

On February 11, 1971, SBPC established the UC Student Lobby to ensure students a permanent voice in the State Capitol. The UC Student Lobby, with professional staff, served as the advocacy arm of SBPC, and each campus set up a Lobby Annex to organize grassroots campaign efforts. Within a few years, the UC Student Lobby won several significant budget and legislative battles on behalf of students, and developed a reputation as an influential lobbying organization in Sacramento.

UCSA Emerges from Reorganization

As SBPC and the UC Student Lobby's effectiveness and visibility increased, so did confusion about their relationship with each other. Campus student governance began to demand greater attention of Student Body Presidents, and, over time, membership of SBPC shifted primarily to representatives appointed by the Presidents or elected by the student body. Soon the name "Student Body Presidents' Council" did not accurately reflect its membership, although its purpose remained the same. In addition to its identification problem, SBPC was overshadowed by the UC Student Lobby, which captured the attention of the campus media and student body, in part because its name was clearly associated with UC students. Many students and others did not understand that SBPC governed and directed the UC Student Lobby. Therefore, in 1985, as part of an effort to consolidate all systemwide lobbying efforts under one title, SBPC changed its name to the University of California Student Association. SBPC members became members of the UCSA Board of Directors. By Regental action, the University recognized UCSA as the official systemwide association of campus student governments. In the process, the UC Student Lobby name was shelved although some legislators still refer to UCSA as "The Student Lobby." The UC Student Lobby became the UCSA Sacramento Office and remained the statewide headquarters for UCSA. At the campus level, the Lobby Annexes were referred to as UCSA Campus Offices.

Member Schools

The student associations represented by UCSA include both undergraduate, graduate, and professional student representatives.
- University of California, Berkeley - Associated Students of the University of California (ASUC)
- University of California, Berkeley - Graduate Assembly
- University of California, Davis - Associated Students UCD
- University of California, Davis - Graduate Student Association
- University of California, Irvine - Associated Students UCI
- University of California, Irvine - Graduate Student Association
- University of California, Los Angeles - Undergraduate Students' Association Council (USAC)
- University of California, Los Angeles - Graduate Student Association
- University of California, Riverside - Associated Students UCR
- University of California, Riverside - Graduate Student Association
- University of California, San Diego - Associated Students UCSD
- University of California, San Diego - Graduate Student Association
- University of California, San Francisco - Associated Students UCSF
- University of California, San Francisco - Graduate Students' Association
- University of California, Santa Barbara - Associated Students UCSB
- University of California, Santa Barbara - Graduate Students Association
- University of California, Santa Cruz - Student Union Assembly
- University of California, Santa Cruz - Graduate Students Association
- University of California, Hastings College of Law University of California, Merced does not currently have a student government, thus does not have a member on the UCSA Board.

Action Agenda

The majority of the work UCSA does is centered on the Association's Action Agenda for that year. Each Spring, the association's Board of Directors, solicits proposals from students throughout the UC system on items that they feel require action or change in order to make their education more accessible, affordable and/or of the highest quality possible. These proposals are then presented at the association's annual Congress where they are discussed at great length and a predetermined number of items are selected to become the Association's Action Agenda that must be ratified by all of the student body associations' in the system. Once an Action Agenda is adopted, the association's Board of Directors develops a plan, or campaign, to implement each action item.

History

In the 1970's, UCSA's predecessor, the UC Student Lobby, fought for student representation in collective bargaining between the University of California and its employees on the basis that students were affected by the outcomes of these negotiations. The Higher-Education Employee Relations Act (HERRA, 1978) gave students limited rights as third-party participants. UCSA is the official student organization that coordinates the Collective Bargaining Program. The Collective Bargaining Program recruits and trains students to participate in contract negotiations between the UC administration and the unions to voice student concerns.

The Role of the Students

Throughout the year, unions meet with the University to discuss either a whole new contract or just a few specific issues within the contract. These meetings take place all throughout California. The union will often send a representative from every campus to the meeting as will the University. Due to HERRA, up to two students (one official representative and one aide) participate in these meetings as a third party. Student representatives are there to learn about the collective bargaining process, keep notes on any issues that may be important to students, and are free to comment (with the knowledge that they are doing so as a representative of 170,000 students). It is the duty of the student representatives to assess the impact of certain items in the contract. For example: How would a proposal affect work and study conditions for students? How would a proposal affect student fees? Will this impact a certain group of students on campus? The student representative is the front line of defense against any issues that may negatively impact students. After the meeting, the student representatives report back to UCSA on any issues on which the organization might need to take an official stance.

Council on Student Fees

Council on Student Fees (CSF) is an independently funded program of UCSA and works in coalition with UCSA to represent students in systemwide student fee policy deliberations. CSF consists of the chairs of the Student Fee Advisory Committees (SFAC) or Registration Fee Advisory Committees (RFAC) at each of the University of California campuses. It is the official student advisory voice on systemwide matters regarding the use of Registration Fees and the provision of Student Services, a forum to develop and endorse policy positions on student fee issues, a clearinghouse of information on the development and resolution of issues related to student fees, and an advocate for the students of the University of California and the services those students need.

Staff

UCSA employs 5 full-time staff personnel:
- Executive Director
- Legislative Director
- Campus Organizing Director
- Field Organizer/Collective Bargaining
- University Affairs Director

Miscellany

- UCSA is also a member of the United States Student Association

External links

- [http://www.ucsa.org/ UCSA Official site]
- [http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/ University of California Official site] Students California

Millennium World

The Millennium World, known in the English anime as the Dawn of the Duel, is the fourth story arc of the Yu-Gi-Oh! manga series and the final story arc of the Yu-Gi-Oh! second anime series. In the original manga, the storyline goes directly from Battle City to the Pharaoh Memory World. There, Dark Yugi (Yami Yugi) gets the three Egyptian God cards, which allow him to regain his memories of the past. In the anime, Yami Yugi tries to do the same thing, but Dartz's organization (Doma Organization in the Japanese version) causes the "ritual" to fail, and also adds a twist in which the stone tablet at the museum turns to ice, thus causing the ritual to fail. The Grand Championship (KC Grand Prix in the Japanese version) occurs because Yugi Muto (romanized as Yugi Mutou in the English language manga) and his friends need to get back home, and can only do that by entering Kaiba's tournament to promote his company.

Intro

(Note: Because the anime and manga versions of this story arc are so different, explainations will be given whenever there is a difference between the two versions) Yugi is back home. In the anime, this was after a battle against Dartz and his Doma Organization. Now, one more quest is about to be undertaken - knowing the true past of Dark Yugi, the spirit of the puzzle. Dark Bakura and Dark Yugi face off, but Dark Bakura tells Dark Yugi to play the ultimate Shadow Game at Egypt. (In the manga, Yugi never changes to Dark Yugi, so he and Dark Bakura do not talk about the ultimate Shadow Game) In the manga, they do not travel to Egypt; the stone tablet is still in the museum. In the anime, the gang travels to Egypt, where they meet Marik Ishtar, Ishizu Ishtar and Odion Ishtar (Rishid in the Japanese version). Ishizu explains that the stone tablet at the had been moved back to Egypt, deep within the chambers of the Tomb Keepers. The Ishtars leads them to the stone. Before Dark Yugi presents the God Cards, Anzu gives him a cartouche that she had just bought so he could write his name on it when he found it. Dark Yugi shows the three God cards to the tablet. This time, a portal is opened, and Dark Bakura suddenly goes into the tablet. (In the manga, Dark Bakura doesn't enter the tablet, because he knows his shadow in the Millennium Puzzle will be able to enter it) Moreover, in the anime, Dark Bakura also duels Seto Kaiba (Kaiba doesn't play a part in the Millennium World saga in the manga), telling Kaiba that something interesting is happening, and Kaiba should go to Egypt, and play the ultimate game. Kaiba, even though he doesn't show signs of it, agrees, and goes to Egypt. Dark Yugi's friends realize that the Memory World may be quite dangerous, and Dark Yugi has a very difficult task to do. Therefore, they want to get into the Memory World, but cannot go through the portal in the tablet. Thus, Shadi appears and helps them find the "real" door to the Memory World, deep within the mazes of Dark Yugi's mind in the Millennium Puzzle. The stage is set for the ultimate game.

The Memory World

(Note: For information on the new characters for this story arc, check out Yu-Gi-Oh! anime and manga characters.) As Dark Yugi entered the Memory World, he was shocked to find out that he was in the body of his past self. Around him were the six priests: Seto, Akhenaden (Aknadin in the English anime), Mahado (Mahad in the English anime), Isis, Shada, and Kalim (Karim in the English anime), each with their own Millennium Item. Also next to him there was his vizier, Siamun Muran (Shimon in the English anime). Meanwhile, back in the real world, Yugi and his friends, Katsuya Jonouchi (Joey Wheeler), Anzu Mazaki (Téa Gardner), and Hiroto Honda (Tristan Taylor) were shocked to find out that Dark Yugi had left the puzzle. So Bobasa (in the manga), or Shadi (in the anime), helped them by using the Millennium Key to open the way to the Maze of Yugi's heart to try and find the door to the Memory World. Back in the Memory world, Dark Yugi had little time to react his surroundings, because at that moment, Thief King Bakura showed up, possessed by Dark Bakura, who had entered Bakura's body after entering the Memory World. (In the manga, Thief King Bakura was not possessed, since Dark Bakura had not yet entered the Memory World) He summons his Ka spirit Diabound and attacks the priests. Bakura reveals his plan to take the seven Millennium Items and gain the Shadow Power of the Evil God Zorc Necrophades by putting them all in the stone slab in an underground crypt in the village of Kul Elna (based off the village of Qurna). The Pharaoh has had enough, and summons Obelisk to attack Diabound, something the other priests are shocked by. Bakura retreats, leaving the priests to discuss what happened. Later on, Seto tells Akhenaden about his plan to use the Kas of villagers to create a Ka stronger than Diabound, which Akhenaden objects to. The next day, the priest Mahado plans to lure Bakura into a trap. He leads Bakura to a tomb he made to look like Akhenamkhanen's tomb. He battles Bakura, but is defeated in the end. He sacrifices his life to fuse his Ka and Ba to turn himself into the Dark Magician. While Bakura does get the Millennium Ring from Mahado, Mahado attacks him and destroys the tomb. But somehow, Bakura manages to escape. By this point, Yugi and the others had found the door to the Memory World. Yugi, Jonouchi, Anzu, and Honda had to go alone, because Shadi couldn't enter it for some reason. (In the manga, they were being escorted by Bobasa, so they didn't have this problem. Also in the manga, the shadow of Dark Bakura that had been left in the Millennium Puzzle was following Yugi and the others throughout the Puzzle. When they reached the door, he followed them out) When they arrive in the Memory World, they meet up with Bobasa, who promises to help them. (Since they were already being escorted by Bobasa in the manga, this did not happen. The Bobasa in the anime and the Bobasa in the manga are basically two completely different characters) They go to the Palace but cannot get inside. They can pass through other buildings and people like ghosts, but they cannot enter the palace gates.

Akhenaden's Treachery

At the same time, priests Seto and Shada set out on a Ka hunt, where they found a strange foreign girl with white skin, white hair, and blue eyes named Kisara. Shada attempted to look at her Ka, but it was so large and bright that he couldn't do it. Seto had the guards with them take the girl to the palace. Later, Seto reported this to Akhenaden, who was outraged. He tried to tell Seto to let the girl and the other townspeople go, but Seto didn't listen. As he leaves, Akhenaden heard a strange sound. Thief King Bakura appeared and attacked him, stopping him before he is able to summon a Ka to defend himself. Instead of taking the Eye for himself, however, he decided to turn Akhenaden into his pawn by using his Millennium Ring to corrupt Akhenaden's heart and turn him evil. The Pharaoh finds out about the attack, and when Bakura tries to escape, the Pharaoh follows him on horseback. He summons Slifer (Osiris in the original version) and chases Bakura through the city. In the anime, during the chase, Akhenaden, resting in his room, remembers how the Millennium Items were created. In the manga, he doesn't think about this until later. The time period was in a time of war and desparation. King Akhenamkhanen (Aknamkanon in the English anime) had given his brother Akhenaden the task of creating the Millennium Items to use them to ward off the enemy invaders. However, Akhenaden didn't tell his brother that in order to make the items, human sacrifices were needed. (In the manga, 99 human sacrifices were needed. A number was never given in the anime) He knew that if he told his brother his, Akhenamkhanen would never allow the items to be made. Akhenaden and his soldiers rode to the village of Kul Elna and slaughtered the inhabitants of the village. However, when the Items were created, a stone slab rose from the ground. One of the soldiers fell into it, and the Millennium Ring fell into place in the slab, causing a large demon to rise from the slab. In the anime, Akhenaden quickly put in the Millennium Eye to ward him off and take the Millennium Ring from the slab. In the manga, this never happened. Akhenaden put the Eye in when he made a wish on it that his son, Seto, would someday become King of Egypt. Using the Items, Akhenamkhanen, Akhenaden, Siamun, and four other priests were able to destroy the entire invading army. Back at the chase, Seto and Kalim joined the Pharaoh in his chase with Bakura. In the manga, Shada also joined. Bakura tried to bring the townspeople into the battle, but the Pharaoh eventually succeeded in chasing him out of the city. However, Bakura succeeds in defeating Slifer. In the anime, he has help from Akhenaden. In the manga, Akhenaden was still unconscious. The Pharaoh almost gives up hope, when suddenly, Yugi, Jonouchi, Anzu, and Honda appear and help give the Pharaoh their Ba. The Pharaoh uses it to summon Ra, destroying Diabound with it and fatally wounding Bakura. (During this time in the manga, Akhenaden was paid a visit by his dark self, who introduced himself as Zorc Necrophades. He explains that 3,000 years ago, Akhenaden used the seven Millennium Items to summon him and together they tried to destroy the world, but the Pharaoh sealed him up in the Millennium Puzzle. At that moment, Dark Bakura, who had watched the chase from above, came to report to Zorc that Bakura had been killed) As the Pharaoh celebrated his victory with Yugi and the others, time suddenly reversed itself and Yugi and the others went flying back into the city and Thief King Bakura miraculously revived. (In the manga, Zorc appeared, in Akhenaden's body, to introduce himself to the Pharaoh. He turned back time himself) Yugi and the others were forced to try to run back to where the Pharaoh was. (In the manga, they were held up by the sudden appearance of Dark Bakura in front of them, saying he won't let them help the Pharaoh) Bakura attacked the Pharaoh while he was still weakened, causing him to almost fall off a cliff. Bakura took the Millennium Puzzle and pushed the Pharaoh off the cliff. Yugi and the others arrived just in time to watch in horror as the Phraoh fell to his death. (In the manga, Yugi and the others are still being held back by Dark Bakura. Dark Bakura reveales that he is a part of Zorc's soul and that he won't let them interfere with Zorc's revival) Honda punches Bakura, but Bakura just smiles and grabs Honda by the neck. He uses his Millennium Ring to send a small part of his soul into Honda, possessing him. He throws him off and runs away. (In the manga, Jonouchi challenges Dark Bakura to a duel. They only get a few monsters out when everything begins to fade away into darkness because the Pharaoh fell off the cliff) Seto tries to lead the effort in finding the Pharaoh, but Akhenaden has other plans. He wants Seto to become the new Pharaoh. He leads seto to an underground chamber where experiments are being done on prisoners to see if they can expand their Ka. Akhenaden sent Kisara to the main battlefield where other prisoners were fighting with their Kas. Seto was amazed that Akhenaden would do such a thing, and even more surprised to find out that Akhenaden wants him to become the new Pharaoh. When it looks like Kisara won't be able to summon a Ka, Seto jumps in to protect her. But one of the prisoners succeeds in stopping Seto's Ka Dios from moving and orders his Ka to eat them both. Suddenly, Kisara starts glowing and a large White Dragon appears and kills the prisoner and his Ka. Akhenaden reveals that he believes Kisara's Ba and Ka are one, and if Seto wants her Ka, he'll have to kill her. Seto refuses, but Akhenaden insists that he should use the power of the White Dragon to become the next Pharaoh. Seto ignores him and continues the search for the Pharaoh.

Showdown at Kul Elna Village

The Pharaoh, still alive, awakens in a cave to the face of a man who calls himself Hassan. Hassan warns the Pharaoh that the Evil God Zorc is going to revive. Hassan disappears, and the Pharaoh is suddenly found by Yugi and his friends, who had met up with Mana, Mahado's old student. (In the manga, the Pharaoh didn't meet up with Yugi and others, nor did Yugi and the others meet up with Mana) Shada appears, and tells the Pharaoh that they have found Bakura's hiding place in Kul Elna. The Pharaoh, Shada, and Mana set out to Kul Elna. (Mana is not with them in the manga) When they arrive at Kul Elna, they are attacked by dead spirits. Shada and his soldiers fight them off while the Pharaoh goes into an underground crypt to fight Bakura alone. (Shada went with him to fight Bakura in the manga) When they finally meet, Bakura uses his dead spirits to attack the Pharaoh, but Mahado suddenly appears as the Dark Magician. They battle Bakura, and later they are joined by Mana, Siamun, and the other priests except for Akhenaden and Shada. Akhenaden attacks Shada in the village, taking his Millennium Key. (In the manga, Bakura attacks Shada with one of his Kas and gets the Millennium Key that way) They battle, through the power of teamwork, they are able to defeat Diabound, but not before Bakura was able to attack Kalim and take his Millennium Scales. (In the anime, Kalim is weakened by the attack. In the manga, he is killed) Finally, Bakura was defeated. Meanwhile, Yugi, Jonouchi, Anzu, and Honda, possessed by Dark Bakura, decide that they should try to find the Pharaoh's lost name. They make their way to the Palace and split up to try to find the name. Bakura-possessed Honda looked around the records of all the Pharaohs, but was amazed to find out that the current Pharaoh didn't have any records of his name. Meanwhile, Akhenaden appears and reveals his betrayal. Also, after succeeding in putting in the Millennium Items that he had in the slab with his last breath, Dark Bakura left the body of Thief King Bakura, leaving him confused and disoriented. (this didn't happen in the manga as Thief King Bakura was never being possessed) As Dark Bakura's voice called out from somewhere, Thief King Bakura's body began to turn to sand. (Kalim's body also began to turn to sand in the manga) Akhenaden appears to be able to stop time, as with a wave of his hand, the Pharaoh and everyone else became completely immobilized, though they could still see and think. (In the manga, only the Pharaoh could see and think after being frozen; everyone else was completely frozen) The Pharaoh thinks of any way he could win this game, and suddenly has a revelation. (In the manga, Dark Bakura appears and explains that everything is just a game)

The Dark RPG

As it turns out, the whole Memory World is actually a tabletop RPG game being played by Dark Yugi and Dark Bakura. About half of Dark Yugi's soul is playing the game, while the other half is still down in the Pharaoh's body. (In the anime, they appear to be playing the game in the same dark arena that Shadow Games are played in. In the manga, they are playing in a back room in the museum. Also in the manga, Akhenaden's mummy, with Zorc's soul still inside it, is set up on the wall behind Dark Bakura) Dark Bakura reveals that the whole thing is a game, and the loser of the game will die. If Dark Yugi wins, he will regain all his lost memories. If Dark Bakura wins, the Evil God Zorc Necrophades will be reborn into the real world. Even worse, if Dark Yugi loses, all of his friends in the Memory World will die. Dark Bakura reveals that he has three Master Items. One lets him halt time and another lets him reverse time. Back in the Memory World, Akhenaden succeeds in summoning Zorc. He accepts Zorc's power and is transformed into the Dark Priest. Everyone is shocked that he would do such a thing. (In the manga, the Pharaoh was the only one who could see what was going on, so no one else saw this) After giving Akhenaden his power, Zorc disappears, leaving Akhenaden to deal with the Pharaoh. (in the manga, Zorc does not disappear) Akhenaden prepares to kill the Pharaoh, but Hassan appears and blocks the attack. (In the manga, it's revealed to Yugi and his friends that Bobasa is actually Hassan, who transforms and flies off to protect the Pharaoh) He uses Akhenaden's own attack to destroy Dark Bakura's Master Items, restoring time. (In the manga, time is not restored to normal until much later) Dark Bakura is unphased, as he reveals his final Master Item's effect. It's an hourglass, and when its sands run out, Zorc will revive. (In the manga, it activated Zorc's effect to basically start a chain reaction that results in the world's destruction) (Nothing in the following three paragraphs happens in the manga) Everyone is shocked to learn that Akhenaden did this, and even more shocked to find out that Akhenaden is Seto's father. Akhenaden explains the truth about himself and his brother. He explains that although he hated his brother for taking the kingship away from him, his loyalty to him never wavered and he did anything he could to help his brother and his kingdom, even kill innocent people. He also reveals that he and Akhenamkhanen were born as twins, but his brother was decided as the older brother because he cried louder. Akhenaden decides to try to convince Seto to become the new king, and use the power of Kisara's White Dragon to do it. At that moment, Kisara wakes up and runs off to stop Seto. Meanwhile, to Bakura-possessed Honda's annoyance, Yugi and the others decide to find food for Bobasa. However, this triggers Bobasa's switch as this makes Bobasa blow up like a balloon and take Yugi and the others to where the Pharaoh's name is. Back at the RPG, Dark Bakura is happy that he's closing in on the Pharaoh's name. He reveals to Dark Yugi that he has invited a special guest to their game. At that moment, Seto Kaiba arrives at the underground crypt in Egypt to find everyone's body unconscious and the stone slab glowing. Dark Bakura transports Kaiba into the Memory World and uses his Ba to revive Thief King Bakura. Everyone is surprised to see Bakura alive. Akhenaden uses this moment to grab Seto and take him off into a portal. Bakura resummons Diabound, claiming that the power of Zorc allowed him and Diabound to revive. He separates all of them, leaving them isolated around Kul Elna, and summons monsters to attack them. Meanwhile, Kaiba wanderrs around Ancient Egypt, wondering what happened and where he is. He meets up with Kisara, and recognizes her as the girl from the visions he saw. Meanwhile, Hassan and Mahado protect the Pharaoh, but the other priests aren't as lucky. Isis is having trouble fighting a large mummy creature and protecting Kalim. Shada shows up, and Kalim gives him all of his Ba to give him enough power to defeat the mummy. The Pharaoh arrives just in time to see Kalim die. He then mounts a horse to go find Seto and Akhenaden. (Note: The events in the following paragraph don't occur in the manga until during and after the battle with Zorc) Akhenaden and Seto arrive at a building and see Kisara running towards them. (In the manga, Akhenaden takes Seto to the prison where Kisara is being held. Seto lets her out and tells her to run away) Seto and Kisara meet and Akhenaden attacks Kisara. She summons the White Dragon to fight Akhenaden, but Akhenaden eventually succeeds in destroying the White Dragon and killing Kisara. (In the manga, Akhenaden attacks and kills Kisara as she is running away) In the anime, Seto grabs his sword and stabs Akhenaden through the heart. In the manga, Akhenaden dies when he jumps into a chasm. Akhenaden turns to spirit energy and enters Seto's body, possessing him. The Pharaoh arrives and is shocked to see Seto with an evil look on his face. Seto tells him that they are going to battle and he will become the new king. He summons the White Dragon and the Pharaoh summons Mahado. The White Dragon easily defeats Mahado, leaving the Pharaoh defenseless. In the manga, the White Dragon destroys Mahado's stone slab behind him. The White Dragon prepares to attack, but deep within his heart, Seto calls out Kisara's name. The White Dragon stops and appears within Seto's heart where Akhenaden is. It attacks Akhenaden's spirit, killing him once and for all. Seto regains control of his body, and mourns over Kisara. In the anime, Kaiba arrives after watching the battle and talks to the Pharaoh about everything that had happened. In the manga, Kaiba does not appear as he is never transported to the Memory World in the manga. Meanwhile, Yugi and his friends entered the Pharaoh's tomb and began solving its puzzles in an attempt to find the Pharaoh's name. But they are shocked when Honda betrays them and runs off on his own. (Didn't happen in the manga, as Honda isn't possessed) As they venture deeper into the tomb, they find the Pharaoh's name, written in hieroglyphics. (In the manga, they do not find the name until later) They enter another hallway and find Honda waiting for them, who promptly transforms into Dark Bakura. (In the manga, they find the small part of Dark Bakura's soul that had been following them since they entered the Memory World) He announces that they're going to have a Shadow Game.

The Final Battle

(Note: In the manga, the Yugi vs. Dark Bakura duel takes place before the battle with Zorc. In the anime, it takes place during the battle with Zorc) At the RPG table, Dark Bakura announces that his hourglass has run out and that Zorc will revive. (By this point in the manga, Hassan had restored time to normal. Everyone is shocked to see Zorc alive, but because they weren't aware of anything that was happening while they were frozen, they do not know that Akhenaden is the Dark Priest. When Zorc begins to activate his effect, everyone moves out of the crypt and to the surface to fight Zorc) Thief King Bakura appears and laughs at everyone. He sacrifices himself to revive Zorc Necrophades. (This doesn't happen in the manga because 1. Zorc was already revived, and 2. Thief King Bakura was never revived) Zorc appears and attacks the remaining priests. Hassan jumps in the way, blocking the attack. While the others make their escape, Zorc increases the power of his attack, killing Hassan. (Hassan does not die here in the manga) Meanwhile, the Pharaoh and Seto set out to meet up with the other priests to fight Zorc, leaving Kaiba behind. (This doesn't happen in the manga) They arrive and Seto takes charge of the army that has gathered to battle Zorc. Back at the duel, the battle between Yugi and Dark Bakura has begun. Yugi is doing a good job of fighting Dark Bakura using his own unique deck. But Dark Bakura eventually turns the tables by using a card that expels all the monsters from his graveyard and makes them hang over the field as ghosts, though they can't attack, defend, or activate special effects. Dark Bakura then activates a card that forces Yugi to discard the same number of cards as there are monsters on the field from his deck each turn, including the dead monsters hanging over Dark Bakura's grave. This strategy reduces Yugi's deck to only 1 card in just two turns. But, in classic Yu-Gi-Oh! fasion, Yugi draws the card he needs: Gondola, the Dragon of Destruction. He uses it to destroy all the cards on Dark Bakura's field. He direct attacks Dark Bakura, winning the duel. Still Dark Bakura gloats, saying that the Pharaoh has no way of defeating Zorc. He collapses and slowly turns back into Honda. (In the manga, he disappears) The four of them then run off to escape the tomb. The battle with Zorc has begun, and all the priests and Mana summon their Kas. However, their combined forces aren't enough to even scratch Zorc. Back at the RPG table, Dark Bakura notes that because of Zorc's appearance in the Memory World, strange occurrences like tornadoes and hurricanes are appearing all over the real world. (Not true for the manga) Dark Bakura gloats about how one-sided the game is and sends a lightning bolt to strike the Pharaoh. (In the manga, Dark Yugi and Dark Bakura at the RPG table don't appear during the battle with Zorc) Shada jumps in the way at the last second, sacrificing himself to save the Pharaoh. (At this point in the manga, Dark Priest Akhenaden reveals to Seto that he is his father and he wants him to become the next King. He transports them both to where Kisara is) Isis and Mana decide to find the Millennium Items, because with them, they'd be able to have more Ba to fight with. (In the manga, they each had their Millennium Items with them) They retrieve the items, but Isis dies while destracting Zorc from Mana. (Isis does not die in the manga) Siamun takes the Millennium Key from Mana and uses its power to summon the Legendary Guardian God, Exodia. Exodia and Zorc battle for a while, but Zorc almost effortlessly destroys Exodia, killing Siamun. Mana delivers the Millennium Puzzle to the Pharaoh, and he uses its power to summon the three Gods. (The Gods are not summoned in the manga) Up at the RPG table, Dark Bakura says that the battle is reaching its climax and reveals to Dark Yugi that he is in fact Zorc. The two are transported back into the Memory World and Dark Yugi enters the body of the Pharaoh while Dark Bakura enters the body of Zorc Necrophades. (This did not happen in the manga) The Pharaoh uses the Gods to attack Zorc and seems to have destroyed him. But Zorc reappears and easily destroys the Gods easily. This knocks the Pharaoh unconscious. Seto decides to stop Zorc himself and summons the White Dragon. (This did not happen in the manga, as Seto was not present for most of the battle with Zorc) The White Dragon almost defeats Zorc, but Zorc destroys it as well. This also knocks Seto unconscious. Meanwhile, Kaiba had been watching from atop a cliff, and is amazed that Blue Eyes was destroyed so easily. (Again, Kaiba is not present during the Millennium World saga in the manga) He confronts Zorc himself and summons the Blue Eyes Ultimate Dragon and attacks Zorc, but Zorc still manages to hold it off. The Pharaoh reawakens and sees Kaiba with the Ultimate Dragon. He uses the Millennium Scales to fuse himself with the Dragon and summons Master of Dragon Knight, but even this is not enough to destroy Zorc. The Pharaoh is now completely defenseless and out of energy. Zorc prepares for a final attack, but suddenly, Shadi, who had been watching everything from above, entered the body of Hassan and appeard to block Zorc's attack in the nick of time. (Shadi is not present in the manga, so this does not happen. Plus, Hassan is still alive) Hassan's mask is blown off, revealing Shadi's face. Shadi is destroyed by Zorc then. (In the manga, about a half of Hassan's mask is blown off revealing Shadi's face. He isn't destroyed though) At that moment, Yugi and his friends arrive to help the Pharaoh. Zorc won't let them interfere and attacks them, but they quickly dodge his attack. (In the manga, Hassan blocks the attack again, and is destroyed) The four of them each summon monsters, and Yugi summons Mahado as the Dark Magician again. Mana summons the Dark Magician Girl to fight along side him. They attack Zorc, but it isn't enough. Yugi tells the Pharaoh that they were able to find his name, but couldn't read the hieroglyphics. Suddenly, Anzu remembers the cartouche she game to Dark Yugi at the beginning and noticed that he still had it around his neck. She tells everyone that if they can imagine the hieroglyphics, they will appear on the cartouche, just like how they imagined their duel disks and they appeared. Zorc is outraged and attempts to attack them, but it's too late, as the name forms on the cartouche. The Pharaoh stands up and announces his name: Atem. At that moment, the three God Cards from Yugi's deck appear and revive the God Cards that were destroyed earlier. Atem uses the Pharaoh's name to fuse the Gods together and form the Creator of Light, Harakhti. Harakhti attacks Zorc, instantly destroying it. The final battle ends with Zorc's death.

Aftermath

With the battle over, the Egyptians could concentrate on rebuilding their destroyed city. Atem and Seto talk, and Atem explains that he has to leave as he has no memory of anything that happens after the battle with Zorc. He hands his Millennium Puzzle over to Seto and tells him to become the next Pharaoh. Seto is confused, and even more confused when Atem starts disappearing. Atem tells him to rule Egypt with the light of his heart. He leaves, and rejoins Yugi and the others. Atem, Yugi, Anzu, Jonouchi, and Honda leave the Memory World. (Kaiba also leaves the Memory World in the anime). Dark Yugi finally knows his past, as well as his name: Atem. Category:Yu-Gi-Oh!

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